By Mario Comegna
Masculinity, in all its many forms, is undergoing a profound redefinition. The image of the “strong, tough man” that has prevailed for generations is being challenged and, in many cases, reinterpreted. Today, we are seeing gender differences blur and new ways of understanding what it means to be a man emerge.
In recent times, attributes considered “masculine”—such as physical strength, emotional toughness, and self-assertiveness—have been labeled as potentially toxic. This has led to an identity crisis for many men, who face the complex task of redefining their role in a society that increasingly values emotional and gender diversity. It is no coincidence that, alongside this redefinition, there has been a rise in misogynistic profiles on social media, where body worship is celebrated and traditional stereotypes are reinforced. These spaces serve as refuges for those who feel their identity is being delegitimized, reinforcing a hegemonic model that, in reality, is just one face among many.
How many types of masculinity are there?
The answer is simple: as many as there are men. The idea of a single type of masculine identity is limiting and reductive, even though it has been the norm for centuries. While the hegemonic model—which glorifies strength, independence, and dominance—has been predominant, there are many other ways to be a man. “Inclusive masculinity,” which advocates for sensitivity, equality, and emotional openness, has gained ground in recent years, promoting a model of manhood that connects with emotions and shows vulnerability without this being seen as a threat to one’s identity.
Within this diversity, we also find what is known as “hybrid masculinity,” an intermediate model in which men seek to balance toughness and sensitivity without rejecting either. Masculine identity is not a rigid formula, but rather a set of expressions that are constantly being negotiated, influenced by cultural, social, and personal factors.
What kind of men do we need?
Change involves not only recognizing the diversity of masculine identities, but also reflecting on what qualities are desirable for building a more equitable and healthy society. Men who are comfortable with vulnerability, who accept their emotions, and who interact with empathy may be the answer to the need for a new, more constructive form of masculinity. It is not about renouncing aspects traditionally considered masculine, but rather about broadening the perspective to include sensitivity, cooperation, and care for oneself and others.
What's going on?
The challenge to the traditional model has led many men to seek out spaces for reflection and support. Men’s identity workshops, for example, have become popular as places where men can explore their identity, share experiences, and find alternative ways of being. The reality is that this transformation represents a “crisis” in the positive sense of the word: a moment of change and growth. It is an invitation for men to break free from stereotypes, explore new ways of being, and allow themselves to be what they were not previously allowed to be.
We are witnessing a historic moment in which the concept of masculinity is being reexamined and transformed. The growing movements seeking to promote “traditional masculinity,” with their emphasis on the body and rigid gender roles, are a reaction to the disorientation arising from this change. However, their proliferation is nothing more than a reaffirmation of archaic models, which, while they served their purpose in the past, are now insufficient to address the complexity of modern life. True male empowerment does not consist of clinging to these stereotypes, but rather in finding a balance that allows for an authentic and full expression of what it means to be a man. The evolution toward more diverse and compassionate models of manhood is an opportunity to redefine which qualities are truly valuable and necessary for building an equitable and healthy society.